Supreme Court of Virginia v. Friedman

The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling affirmed a new standard of implementation of the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV, 2, of the Constitution. More importantly, the decision reestablished precedence set in Supreme Court of New Hampshire v. Piper.The right to practice law was recognized as an activity essential for the interest of the nation and therefore protected by the Privileges and Immunities Clause. In turn, by holding to the two-pronged test for the right to pursue a licensed profession, this case firmly established a standard that may be applied to other licensed professions, such as medicine, if it is estimated to be essential to national interests.