Examples of amnesty and pardon are as ancient as the records of organized society, and these institutions are recognized in almost every contemporary legal system. This universality may be seen as a reflection of the desire appertaining to all systems to "temper justice with mercy." More specifically, it signifies the need for any formal system to maintain a residual power to introduce occasional modifications in implementing its formal norms in order to meet the exigencies of unforeseen situations.
LESLIE SEBBA
RICHARD S. FRASE
See also POLITICAL PROCESS AND CRIME; PUNISHMENT; REHABILITATION.
CASES
Burdick v. United States, 236 U.S. 79, 95 (1915).
Knote v. United States, 95 U.S. 149 (1877).
State v. Blalock, 61 N.C. (Phil. Law) 242, 247 (1867).
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