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Ex Parte Endo - Significance, Petition And Appeal Stretch Over 21 Months, Confined Under Armed Guard, Further Readings

Appellant

Mitsuye Endo

Appellee

United States

Appellant's Claim

That she was unlawfully held at an interment camp.

Chief Lawyer for Appellant

James C. Purcell

Chief Lawyer for Appellee

Charles Fahey, U.S. Solicitor General

Justices for the Court

Hugo Lafayette Black, William O. Douglas (writing for the Court), Felix Frankfurter, Robert H. Jackson, Frank Murphy, Stanley Forman Reed, Owen Josephus Roberts, Wiley Blount Rutledge, Harlan Fiske Stone

Justices Dissenting

None

Place

Washington, D.C.

Date of Decision

18 December 1944

Decision

Reversed the judgment and remanded the cause district court.

Related Cases

  • Ex parte Quirin, 317 U.S. 1 (1942).
  • Hirabayashi v. United States, 320 U.S. 81 (1943).
  • Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944).

Additional Topics

Ex Parte Endo - Significance

This Supreme Court decision ended what the American Civil Liberties Union later called "the worst single wholesale violation of civil rights of American citizens in our history." In February of 1942, soon after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in the surprise attack that committed the United States to World War II, President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the War Relocation Authority to detain p…

Ex Parte Endo - Further Readings

Ex Parte Endo - Petition And Appeal Stretch Over 21 Months

In July of 1942, through lawyer James Purcell, who had worked with Japanese American lawyers in Sacramento and who was appalled at the treatment the U.S. citizens received, Endo filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus (relief from unlawful confinement) in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. She asked for her liberty to be restored. One year passed. The petition wa…

Ex Parte Endo - Confined Under Armed Guard

The Supreme Court soon learned that Mitsuye Endo: is a loyal and law-abiding citizen of the United States, that no charge has been made against her, that she is being unlawfully detained, and that she is confined in the Relocation Center under armed guard and held there against her will. The Court also learned, from one of General De Witt's reports, that: Essentially, military necessity required o…

Wickard v. Filburn - Significance, Supreme Court Extends Commerce Power To Production, Further Readings [next] [back] Korematsu v. United States - Significance, Korematsu Dissenters Question Constitutionality Of Detentions, Japanese American Internment Camps, Further Readings

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